![]() ![]() "The health hazards associated with exposure to chromium are dependent on its oxidation state. "The high energy X-ray beam from the synchrotron acted as a fluorescent microscope, which allowed us to not only see the chromium spots throughout the cell but also to determine whether the spots were chromium(III) or a combination of chromium(III) chromium(V) and chromium(VI)," said Dr Wu, who conducted the study while based at the University of Sydney. The team, led by Professor Peter Lay from the University of Sydney's School of Chemistry and Dr Lindsay Wu, now with UNSW's School of Medical Sciences, travelled near to Chicago to Argonne National Laboratory to perform the experiments in collaboration with colleagues at Argonne's, the Advanced Photon Source, a US Department of Energy Office of Science User Facility that generates ultra-bright, high-energy X-rays. It then created a map of every chemical element contained within the cell using an intense X-ray beam at a facility known as a synchrotron. In the latest study, the Australian research team treated animal fat cells with chromium(III) in the laboratory. Australia's current National Health and Medical Research Council Nutrient Reference Values, which are currently under review, recommend 25-35 micrograms of chromium daily as an 'adequate intake' for adults. The US National Academy of Sciences has estimated up to 200 micrograms of chromium is a safe and adequate daily dietary intake for adults. ![]() Supplements containing chromium are also commonly used for weight loss and body building with some containing up to 500 micrograms per tablet. Supplements containing chromium are consumed for the purported treatment of metabolic disorders, such as insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes, but chromium's mechanism of action in the body is not well understood. The University of Sydney and UNSW researchers' concerns are based on a study published in the chemistry journal, Angewandte Chemie.Ĭontroversy remains over whether the dietary form of chromium is essential for humans, with an increasing body of evidence indicating it is not safe for humans. The latter gained notoriety from the book and 2000 movie, Erin Brockovich, which linked an elevated cluster of illnesses, including cancer, to hexavalent chromium in the drinking water of the Californian town of Hinkley. Trivalent chromium(III) picolinate and a range of other chromium(III) forms are sold as a nutritional supplements, while hexavalent chromium(VI) is its 'carcinogenic cousin'. doi:10.Chromium is a trace mineral found primarily in two forms. Chromium supplementation in human health, metabolic syndrome, and diabetes. The Nutritional Biochemistry of Chromium (III). Chromium supplements in health and disease. A meta-analysis of the effect of chromium supplementation on anthropometric indices of subjects with overweight or obesity. Tsang C, Taghizadeh M, Aghabagheri E, Asemi Z, Jafarnejad S. Effects of chromium picolinate on food intake and satiety. A double-blind, placebo-controlled, exploratory trial of chromium picolinate in atypical depression: Effect on carbohydrate craving. doi:10.1253/circj.CJ-17-0032ĭocherty JP, Sack DA, Roffman M, Finch M, Komorowski JR. Chromium exposure and risk of cardiovascular disease in high cardiovascular risk subjects - nested case-control study in the Prevention With Mediterranean Diet (PREDIMED) Study. Gutiérrez-Bedmar M, Martínez-González MÁ, Muñoz-Bravo C, et al. Effect of chromium supplementation on glucose metabolism and lipids: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials. Chromium picolinate positively influences the glucose transporter system via affecting cholesterol homeostasis in adipocytes cultured under hyperglycemic diabetic conditions. Pattar GR, Tackett L, Liu P, Elmendorf JS. Beneficial effect of chromium supplementation on glucose, HbA1C and lipid variables in individuals with newly onset type-2 diabetes. Sharma S, Agrawal RP, Choudhary M, Jain S, Goyal S, Agarwal V. Comparison of chromium and iron distribution in serum and urine among healthy people and prediabetes and diabetes patients. ![]()
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